Variable capacity pump



Dec. 27, 1955 l. CILLEY VARIABLE CAPACITY PUMP 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 2, 1954 INVENTOR.

IRVING Cl LLEY ATTO R NEY Dec. 27, 1955 I. CILLEY VARIABLE CAPACITY PUMP 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 2, 1954 INVENTOR. IRVING CILLEY ATTORNEY Dec. 27, 1955 l. CILLEY 2,728,

VARIABLE CAPACITY PUMP Filed June 2, 1954 s Sheets-Sheet :5

INVENTOR.

IRVING CILLEY BY ATTORNEY FIG.II.

United States Patent VARIABLE CAPACITY PUMP Irving Cilley, Dundee Township, Monroe County, Mich. Application June 2, 1954, Serial No. 433,922

3 Claims. (Cl. 103-41) v the volumetric output of the pump. The pump may also be operated as a motor to drive a second identical or slightly modified pump unit.

The pump invention here disclosed is compact in structure, infinitely variable from zero to full capacity in its output, comprised of few moving parts, and comparatively inexpensive to produce. There are no spring operated valves employed in its construction, the controls and parts being positive in action, interaction and structural relationship.

A principal object of the invention is the provision of a pump construction in which the output of the pump is infinitely variable up to full capacity by means of a novel and inventive manual control by-pass valve.

Another object of the invention is to provide a rotor type pump piston having coupled thereto a fluid flow reciprocating slide valve, to provide for continuous feeding of the pump fluid to the pump cylinder.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a compact pump structure having valve features positively controlling an infinitely variable output without any change in the volumetric area of the pump chamber.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a slide valve coupled and atfixed to a rotary type oscillatlng pump piston, in which a positive fixed relation between pump cylinder and intake of fluid exists, yet the variable output capacity of the pump unit is not affected thereby.

These and other objects of the invention relating toits improved structural and functional features will become more apparent from the description given below. For i a visual understanding of the invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings made an integral part hereof, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the inventive pump serving a similar slightly modified pump arranged as a motor.

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the structure in the system of Fig. 1, showing the motor unit in elevation with the cover plate removed.

Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of the pump housing and parts with the housing cover plate removed.

Fig. 4 is a front elevational view of the pump housing cover, embodying the manual control valve and taken from the cover side which abuts and seals the housing.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the pump assembly substantially along the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the pump housing assembly substantially along the line 6--6 of Fig. 3.

2,728,297 Patented Dec. 277, 1955 ICE Fig. 7 is a front elevational view of the pump housing assembly taken just past its starting point in its rotary stroke.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of the pump housing assembly, similar to Fig. 7, taken just at the completion of its rotary stroke.

Fig. 9 isa front elevational view, partially in section, of the pump housing cover embodying the manual control'valve, in full solid lines, at a position providing for full capacity output of the pump, and in broken lines at a position providing for full by-pass or zero output of the pump.

Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view of the cover plate taken substantially on the line 1010 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view of a compound pump assembly, with the pump units arranged apart and controlled. by a manual lever operating a control valve for each-pump unit.

Fig. 12 is a vertical sectional view of the cover plate employed on the modified pump used as a motor in the system of Figs. 1 and 2.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the inventive pump 10 is coupled by suitable connecting parts to a similar pump 12, arranged as a motor and slightly modified in structure.

Considering pump 10 strictly as a pump, it comprises a housing 14, a cover plate 16, a drive shaft 18, a rotor 20, an oscillating pump ring 22, a reciprocating slide valve 24 affixed to pump ring 22, and an oscillating valve guide 26.

Pump housing 14 is preferably made as a metal casting and embodies a fluid discharge port 28, a fluid entry port 30, a fluid cylinder 32, a by-pass 34, a valve guide bore 35, and threaded openings 36 for accepting bolts 38 that affix cover plate 16 to housing 14. It will be noted, as shown in Figs. 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8, that the fluid cylinder 32 and valve guide bore 35 are interconnected in order that the valve 24 and its guide member 26 will maintain a relative position with respect to the oscillating pump ring 22 throughout its entire cycle of oscillation. Fluid discharge port 28 is directly connected to the fluid cylinder 32, and fluid entry port 30 is directly connected to valve guide bore 35. By-pass 34 leads from fluid cylinder 32 to the cover plate 16, in structural particulars to be described below. The pump housing side 40, opposite that side 42 to which the cover plate 16 is aifixed, is simply a wall provided with an opening 44 and a hub 46 through which drive shaft 18 passes and rotates. A suitable sealed-in bearing 48 is concentrically embodied in housing side wall 40 to rotatably support the drive shaft 18. Pump shaft 18 may be integrally formed with pump rotor 20, as shown, or it may be separately fabricated and aflixed to rotor 20 by means well known in the art.

Pump housing cover plate 16, Figs. 9 and 10, may be fabricated from metal plate stock or from a casting and comprises a cylindrical opening 50 therein concentric with housing cylinder 32 and substantially of the same size. A by-pass 52 is provided in line with housing by-pass 34 and of substantially the same size; the two by-passes forming a passageway when the housing and cover plate are aflixed together.

Concentrically arranged in cylindrical opening 50 is a circular valve 54 having an annular groove 56 .in its peripheral edge 58, so that it is substantially similar to a V-belt pulley. The side walls 60, 61 of valve 54 are flat and parallel, so that the valve will seat within the cylinder 50 of the cover plate 16. A suitable sealed-in bearing 62 is provided concentrically in valve 54 to rotatably support the pump rotor shaft 64 axially aligned with drive shaft 18, which may, optionally, be formed as an integral part of rotor 20. In the wall 60 of valve 54 is an opening 66v leading to the annular peripheral groove 56. The

alve opening 66 lies directly within the area of the housing cylinder '32 at all times when the cover plate 16 is mounted on pump housing 14; The valve 54 is rotatably rran ed in. save Pla e c l nder,- 59 and has a sh t 68 nt? ial edh so w l pa sin through co plate hub 70 and rotatably supported thereby. A lever handle 72 is fixedly mounted by screws 74. to thesh afjt 68, whereby the shaft can be rotated on its axis, causing the valve o ening 66 to assume an infinite number of positions s t t vvts Pe i e al dli? f hou n c r .3,-

Reeiorocating slidevalve24 is arranged in cylindrical form witha curved surface 1d at its upperend conforming to the curvature of purnoring 2 2. The valve 24. is fixedly mounted to the pump ring2 2, closely fitting thereto or may be made integrally therewith, and the valve has substan- 5 Mam -ta al to e thic ne s of mp. 'sj and roto r 29,. A crosspassageway 1102 leads to fluid passages 16-4; 195 which terminate at the bottom edge vfvthe'lslids valve 24'; Cr ss s eway .02,. h is near the upper end of valve 25 leadsat oneendto the use of valve 24 and at its other end into fluid passage 105 The side of valve 24 adiacent'the fluid discharge port 28 andentry port 39 is closed'to the flow of pump fluid. Thus, the only fluid that can enter, discharge oort ZSmust come from housing cylinder 32 and'the only fluid that canenter housing cylinder 32 must pass from entry port through'slide valve passages 104, and 102 thereinto.

Oscillating valve guide 26is substantially cylindrical in form and is provided with a fiuid discharge notch serving as a channel-or discharge passage and'is cooperatively positioned to pass fluid to discharge port 28, and a fluid entry notch 122 serving as an inlet passage and cooperatively positioned topass fluid to a transverse bore 124 in-which slide valve 24 reciprocatingly moves upward and downward. The notches 120 and 122 are cut into the peripheral edge 126 of the valve guide-'26. Discharge notch 12il rnay or may not, optionally, pass'into bore12 l, but entry notch 122 must connect with bore 124 to pass fluid thereinto and through slide valve passages 104, 105 and 197.10 cylinder 32;

When pump 10 is connected to pump 12, serving as a motor,- a dischargeconnector 1304's arranged with a flow valve, 132 to housing fluid discharge port 28, and an inflow connector 134,,is threaded into fluid'entry port 30. A V-belt drive pulley 136 is mounted on shaft ls, and is designed-tube belt connected to a motor drive (not shownl A capped fluid 'standpipe or tube 138-is corn nectedto the discharge tube 140 for filling the system i h i The modified pump 12 serving as a. motor is designed. irr-all particulars substantially as pump 10 with a few minor exceptions, Pump 12 comprises a housing 150,v a pump. rotor 152, a pump ring 154, a pump slide valve 156, an, oscillating valve guide 158, an inlet port 160 and a s har e n 3 n us n 15 -p p shaft 4. and a cover; plate 166. A flywheel 167;:is shown affixed tol the outboard portionof; shaft 164,; representing an ppl d qai,

9 4 2 8 50: ran ed w t a pump-c d and a valve guide bore 110, Inlet portlfitlgopens-dh. rectly into cylinder 163and; bore 17!},and discharge port 16 2 opens directly into, valve guide-bore 17,0;belowinlet port 160. Housing wall 172 provides support-for a shaftbearing (not; shown)", axiallyaligned with shaft 164.;

Slidevalye 156 is provided with a curved surface. 174 adapted to,conform to the curvature oi pumpring 154,10 which it is aifuted, or with which itmay be integrally formed. Valve 156is preferably cylindrical in shapeand' has a fl uid cross passageway 176arranged therein opening on, the side oppositethat of fluid entry port 166., Fluid passages178, 180are vertically arranged. and connect-with cross-passage 176 to passrfiui d frompurnp cylinder 168. -to.

discharge port 162.

Oscillating-valve guidelfifiis, cylindrical in formi'and;

175 and by-pass 34 of the pump housing, until pumpring has a shaftbearing fill-concentrically disposed-to rotatably support shaft164. Plate 166 is mounted upon housing by means of bolts 192.

The compound pump structure of Fig. 11 provides a pair of pumps 10 axially aligned upon a base 198, having a common drive shaft 2%. Single manual control lever handle 201 keyed to a bearing sleeve 2'92 operates the manual control valves 54 to each pump unit, also keyed to sleeve 202. To maintain a balancedperformance of'the pump output and intake, the pumprotors 20 are arrangedlSO apart; The-output conductors (not shown) of each pump unit may be T-connectcd to provide a single flow of fluid from the assembly. Such connections as maybedesired or required to and from the pump assembly are quite within the skill of artisans familiar with the artto which-this pump invention pertains, and it is not considered necessary to provide a detailed description of these features.

it will be noted that certain advantages are present in the above described structure. For instance, the pump ring provides. aconstantly-changing line of contact with thepumpcylinder which makes for even wear of both ring and cylinder. There is-a minimum'of vibration, end play, and cylinder shoclcin the instant construction.

The-slide. valve and manual control valve arepositivc' in action and efiect, as they do not depend upon spring actionorotherpressure or" fluid responsive meansfor their;actuation.- Aiurther important advantage is the ease-and facility ofldisasscmbly, repair, replacement or assembly of thepump units, the pump also being very compact inistructurc witha minimum of working parts.

In operation, the'pump system illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, as .ansexcellent example ofrthe invention, requires the introduction-of asuitable fluid, such as oil, throughquantity of fluid in the cylinder is forced through -dis-.

charge portlfi, because pump ring 22 passes control valve-opening 6 6,,as, ;it startsitsgcycle ofoscillation and-- The fluid. I tcqnt 'ol; valve is, not affected byzthe-x power; drive o;t he pump ringr, lf;less, than. full pump capacity isdesired as output, the control valve lever.72r:simply ro,-

an; s-uoc sr. Place. forthc fluid; to. go.

iQ Q valve :Sddncoverplate; 18..clockwise in, the direction toward-.-t;l1e discharge port 28.

interposition;somewhere. between the full lineopentrig-.66 and the-broken,line'opening, shown in Fig. 9,-th'e direction of rotation in thatfigure-being, counterclock-.

wiseebecause. of thecside ofi'the coverplate' taken for view, the pump output; would ggo from maximum; to-

zeror Vitl6-544Pt0VidS=3 byrpass for'the'pump fluid, being of-substantially zero resistance to its flow; as compared! to a load applied either in the formof the pump motor-12 on any othentypeof load for which the pump 10 may be required. The pump fluid will simply-recirculate between pump cylinder 3-2 and the valve groove 22, in its cycle of oscillation, passes from its discharge port cut off position, Fig. 8, to the position of the control valve opening 66. Once past this latter position, the pump cylinder fluid is forced through discharge port 28 to perform its required function.

The positive displacement of the pump is varied, in accordance with the position of control valve opening 66 about pump cylinder 32, from full capacity to zero. The valve position can be changed at any time, against varying pressures, with the same small amount of effort. The lever handle '72 is simply rotated about the valve axis to change the position of opening 66, and this may be done even when the pump is in operation. It can easily be understood that screws, motor driven or pressure operated means may be used as substitutes for the lever handle 72, without any change in the inventive construction here disclosed.

The fluid for the pump cylinder 32 is provided by means of inlet port 30 leading to valve guide entry notch 122, valve guide bore 124, slide valve passages 104, 105 and 102. As pump rotor 20 rises in its cycle of rotation, slide valve 24 also rises to expose fluid passage 102 to the pump cylinder, and pump fluid enters the cylinder. This fluid can only pass to discharge port 28 upon the next cycle of rotor rotation or recirculate through control valve 54, or pass through both, depending upon the particular position of the control valve opening 66 with respect to discharge port 28 as above described.

By making the displacement of the motor unit 12 smaller than that of the pump unit and of the system openings, an overdrive effect may be achieved; and a small pump may be used to work a large motor unit.

A small amount of air may be introduced into the standpipe 138 to provide an air cushion for the system of Figs. 1 and 2, and to prevent stalling of the pump 10 in the event of closing the discharge port 28 and slide valve cross passageway 102 at the same time.

Since the pump system develops a constant pressure at all speeds, the pump displacement is varied only by means of the manual control valve and more particularly by the relative position of the valve opening 66 with respect to the discharge port 28.

Having described my invention in its simplest terms, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or from the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A fluid motor-pump system in which high torque output is developed through a variable capacity construction comprising a housing, a cylinder chamber, a drive shaft in said chamber, means to drive said shaft, a rotating pump rotor mounted on said shaft eccentrically of said cylinder chamber, a pump ring concentric about said rotor in constant sweeping contact with the periphery of said chamber, a valve guide bore in said housing opening into said cylinder chamber, an oscillating valve guide in said bore, a fluid valve affixed to said pump ring reciprocatingly slidable in said valve guide to admit fluid to said chamber in one portion of the circle of rotation of said rotor and to close ofi fluid from said chamber in another portion of the circle of rotation of said rotor, a reservoir of fluid connected to a conduit system leading to and away from said housing, a fluid inlet passage in said housing leading into said valve guide bore from said conduit system, a fluid discharge passage in said housing leading from said cylinder chamber into said conduit system, a housing cover plate having a rotatable annular disc-type fluid control valve for said pump system in register with, concentric with and overlying said cylinder chamber, said control valve having a groove chamber in its peripheral edge, a passage lead ing from said groove chamber to a port on said control valve in constant register with and closely adjacent the peripheral edge of said cylinder chamber, whereby said control valve port changes position about said cylinder chamber with respect to said fluid discharge passage upon rotative movement of said control valve to change the torque output of said pump system in proportion to the arcuate distance between said control valve port and said fluid discharge passage in said housing, and fluid by-pass means in said housing and said cover plate connecting said cylinder chamber and said control valve groove chamber.

2. A fluid motor-pump system in which high torque output is developed through a variable capacity construction comprising a pair of parallel, opposed pump housings, a cylinder chamber in each housing opposedly arranged toward each other, a common drive shaft axially mounted in and through said chambers, means to drive said shaft exteriorly of said housings, a rotating pump rotor mounted on said shaft eccentrically of and in each of said cylinder chambers, a pump ring concentric about each rotor in constant sweeping contact with the periphery of each cylinder chamber, a valve guide bore in each housing opening into said cylinder chamber, an oscillating valve guide inv each of said bores, a fluid valve aflixed to each pump ring reciprocatingly slidable in said valve guide to admit fluid to each cylinder chamber in one portion of the circle of rotation of said rotor and to close off fluid from said chamber in another portion of the circle of rotation of said rotor, a reservoir of fluid connected to a conduit system leading to and away from each of said housings, a fluid inlet passage in each housing leading into said valve guide bore from said conduit system, a fluid discharge passage in each housing leading from said cylinder chamber into said conduit system, a cover plate for each of said housings opposedly mounted on said housings, said drive shaft passing therethrough, each of said cover plates having a rotatable annular disc-type fluid control valve for said pump system in register with, concentric with and overlying the cylinder chamber in each housing, said control valve having a groove chamber in its peripheral edge, a passage leading from said groove chamber to a port on said control valve in constant register with and closely adjacent the peripheral edge of said cylinder chamber, said control valves being mounted on a sleeve concentric about said drive shaft, being rotatably mounted in and passing through said cover plates, a lever fixedly mounted to said sleeve between said cover plates to permit rotative actuation of said control valves, whereby said control valve port changes position about said cylinder chamber with respect to the fluid discharge passage upon rotative movement of said control valve to change the torque output of said motor-pump system in proportion to the arcuate distance between said control valve port and said fluid discharge passage in said housing, and

fluid by-pass means in each of said housings and its respective cover plate connecting said cylinder chamber and said control valve groove chamber.

3. The motor-pump system defined in claim 2, and in which said fluid conduit system leads to and from a conjoined power transmission means.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 19,180 Barden Jan. 26, 1858 1,390,585 Petsche Sept. 13, 1921 1,623,315 Kinney Apr. 5, 1927 2,008,535 Winkler July 16, 1935 2,628,770 Bowering Feb. 17, 1953 2,668,655 Bowering Feb. 9, 1954 

